Pauls Valley PW CampThis camp, a mobile work camp from the Camp Chaffee (Arkansas) PW Camp, was located at North Chickasha Street northof the Community building in what is now Wacker Park in Pauls Valley. capacity of 300, but usually only about 275 PWs were confined there. be treated with the same respect in Europe. "He was sent to a camp for Nazi supporters in Alva, Oklahoma." Of the tens of thousands of POWs in the United States during World War II, only 2,222, less than 1 percent, tried to escape, and. In spring 1942 federal authorities leased the state prison at Stringtown. Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus - FEMA detention facilities. It first Clothed in surplus military fatigues conspicuouslystenciled with "PW," German soldiers picked row crops and cotton, harvested wheat and broom corn, mannedthe Santa Fe Railroad's ice plant at Waynoka, cut underbrush and timber in the basin of Lake Texoma, served ashospital orderlies, and worked on ranches. Thiscamp was located in the National Guard Armory on the northeast corner of Front and Linden streets in Eufaula. These incidents, combined with war wounds, enemy aliens, however, were the ones at McAlester and Stringtown. A branch of the Alva PW Camp, ithosed about 100 PWs. 200 and 300 PWs were confined there. camps to be in rural areas where the prisoners could provide agricultural labor. The other POWs were able to go outside ofthe camps and work for internments. While the hospital was usedfor the treatment of Only PWs, it specialized in amputations, neurosurgery, chest surgery, plastic surgery, andtuberculosis treatment. After the captives arrived, at least twenty-four branch camps, outposts to house temporary training. July 1944 to October, 1944; 270. In 1943 the Forty-second Infantry "Rainbow"Division was reactivated at Gruber. What event led to the surrender of Japan? By May 1943 prisoners of war began arriving. At the peak of operation as many as twenty thousand German POWs occupied camps in Oklahoma. Thiscamp was located in the NYA building at the fairgrounds on the east side of Wewoka. They included both guard and prisoner barracks,a canteen, recreation area, a fire department and other necessary buildings. there. It held primarilyGerman aliens, but some Italian and Japanese aliens also were confined there. Porter PW Camp Locatedin the Community Building in the center of Porter, this camp first appeared in the PMG reports on September 16,1944, and last appeared on November 16, 1945. This Bixby PW Camp Thiscamp was located west of South Mingo Road at 136th Street and north of the Arkansas River from Bixby. it later became a branch of the Camp Gruber PW Camp. In 1942 became HMS Pasco, Combined Ops, landing craft signals school providing training for minor landing craft signalmen. Egypt and in May 1943, the African Corp surrendered. Between September 1942 and October 1943contractors built base camps at Alva, Camp Gruber, Fort Reno, Fort Sill, McAlester, and Tonkawa. During the course of World War II Camp Gruber providedtraining to infantry, field artillery, and tank destroyer units that went on to fight in Europe. It was established about March of 1942 and closed in the late spring of 1943. It first appeared in the PMG reports on July16, 1944, and last appeared on October 16, 1944. He said that the guards heard the commotion, but thought the Germans were just drunk. For a while, American authorities attempted to exchange the condemned men with Germanyfor Allied soldiers, but ultimately all negotiations failed. At Camp Alva a maximum-security camp for Nazis and Nazi sympathizers, disturbances occurred, Records indicate eightyescapes took place, but authorities recaptured all fugitives. The German officers still commanded their soldiers and ran the camps internally - they cooked their own meals, A book, "The Killing of Corporal Kunze," by Wilma Trummel Parnell was published in 1981. They selected Oklahoma because the state met the basic requirements established by the Office of the Provost Marshal General, the U.S. Army agency responsible for the POW program. George G. Lewis and John Mewha, History of Prisoner of War Utilization by the United States Army, 17761945 (Washington, D.C.: Department of the Army, 1955). This camp was located at the fairgrounds on the south side of highway 62 east of Chickasha. During the 1950s and 1960s most of Camp In November 1943 rioting prisoners at Camp Tonkawa killed one of their own. This camp was located adjacent to the town of Gene Autry, thirteen miles northeast of Ardmore.It first appeared in the PMG reports on June 1, 1945, and last appeared on November 1, 1945. camps all across the nation. A base camp for a number of branch camps, it had a capacity of 5,750, but the greatest number of PWsconfined there was 4,702 on October 3, 1945. Wetumka PW CampThis After the war many buildings were sold and removed from the camp sites and some of these arestill in use around the state. from the vicinity performed much of the clerical work. Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG), acquired 23,515 acres to establish Camp Gruber as a state-operated training Recently, the construction of multiple 200-man barracks have replaced most of the huts. from the OK Historical Society website The prisoners were paid both by the government at the end of their imprisonment and alsoreceived an extra $1.80 per day for their work. In November 1943 rioting prisoners at Camp Tonkawakilled one of their own. Okemah (a branch of Camp Gruber) November 1944 to November 1945; Okmulgee (originally a branch of Alva and later a branch of Camp Gruber) August 1944 to January 1946; 300. The other died from natural causes. It last appeared in the PMG reports on May 1, 1946, the last PW campin Oklahoma. It was a branch ofthe Camp Howze (. ) The prisoners then became outraged with him and started throwing Reports ofnine escapes have been found. opened on December 1, 1943, closed on December 11, 1945, and was a branch of the Camp Gruber PW Camp. tuberculosis treatment. Wewoka PW CampThis Hitler sent German troops to help out the Italians. (Bioby Kit and Morgan Benson). Individual users must determine if their use of the Materials falls under United States copyright law's "Fair Use" guidelines and does not infringe on the proprietary rights of the Oklahoma Historical Society as the legal copyright holder of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and part or in whole. The reasons for the Japanese behaving as they did were complex. BIOG: NAME: 2023 www.oklahoman.com. On November 4, 1943, Kunze gave a note to a new American doctor,who did not understand the German writing or its purpose and returned the note to another German POW to give backto Kunze. An article by Warner in "The Chronicles of Oklahoma," the Spring 1986 . Several of them picked cotton, plowed fields, farmed, worked in ice plantsor at alfalfa dryers. At the same time, Corbett said, the British were still in Egypt. Road on the east side of Okmulgee. Reviews: 89% of readers found this page helpful, Address: 850 Benjamin Bridge, Dickinsonchester, CO 68572-0542, Hobby: Table tennis, Soapmaking, Flower arranging, amateur radio, Rock climbing, scrapbook, Horseback riding. deaths were reported - twenty-two PWs died from natural cause and six died as the result of battle wounds. sites of the camps in which they stayed. On June 3, 1947, Camp Gruber was deactivated and soon became surplus property, with 63,920 acres placed on May 23, 1945, and last appeared on March 1, 1946. There were some suicides, but Arnold Krammer, writing in "Nazi Prisoners of War in America" suggests many of these might more accurately be described as induced deaths. From 250 to 400 PWs were confined there. A branch of the Ft. SillPW Camp, it held as many as 286 PWs. Source: Woodward News Published: February Oklahoma Genealogy Trails A Proud Member of the GenealogyTrails History Group, Prisioner of War Camps in OklahomaArticle from the "Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture". VFW (Veterans of Foreign Wars) invited the men to a pot-luck dinner, where the retired soldiers all visited with of commerce and local politicians lobbied representatives and senators to obtain appropriations for federal projects. in the same country - they were amazed at how big the United States was, said Corbett. Some PWs from the ChickashaPW Camp may have worked at the hospital before this camp was established, working in maintenance. The United States then were left with 275,000 German POW's from this victory. There were six major base camps in Oklahoma and an additional two dozen branch camps. Oklahoma Historical Society800 Nazih Zuhdi Drive, Oklahoma City, OK 73105 | 405-521-2491Site Index | Contact Us | Privacy | Press Room | Website Inquiries, Get Updates in Your Inbox Keep up to date with our weekly newsletter delivered straight to your inbox. did not appear in the PMG reports. military. No Japanese prisoners were brought here, despite the fact that some buildings in the POW camps were called Japanese barracks. Beyer conveneda "court-martial" that night and after finding Kunze guilty of treason, the court had him beaten to death.MPs questioned the 200 German POWs, and five who had blood on their uniforms were arrested and charged with themurder. Camp Gruber PW Camp, it held about 210 PWs. The camp had a capacity of 600,but on May 1, 1944, there were only 301 PWs confined there. Hobart. MPs questioned the 200 German POWs, and five who had blood on their uniforms were arrested and charged with the Armories, school gymnasiums, tent encampments, and newly constructed frame buildings accommodated these detachments. Thiscamp, a work camp from the McAlester PW Camp, was located in the National Guard Armory, three blocks north of MainStreet on North State Street in Konawa. Copyright to all of these materials is protected under United States and International law. (Photo taken by NW Okie, October, 1999. The Geneva Convention of 1929, the international agreement prescribing treatment Camp Perry - Site renovated; once used as a POW camp to house German and Italian prisoners of WWII. Armories, school gymnasiums, tent encampments, and newly one another about the war. Itdid not appear in the PMG reports, but the fact of its use comes from interviews. They were thengiven their files to carry with them wherever they went. It firstappeared in the PMG reports in February, 1944 and last appeared on April 15, 1946. After the Allies invaded France in 1944, the camps received an influx of soldierscaptured in Europe. Originally a branch of the AlvaPW camp, it later became a branch of the Ft. Reno PW camp. Ardmore Army Air Field (a branch of the Camp Howze, Texas, POW camp) June 1945 to November 1945; 300. The camps were located all over the US, but were mostly in the South, due to the higher expense of heating the barracks in colder areas. it opened on April 29, 1943, and closed on June 13, 1944. They remembered how they had been treated and trusted Generally, however, camps were run humanely. POW camps are supposed to be marked and are not legal targets. American camp authorities sought to achieve these goals by enlarging POW camp libraries, showing films, providing prominent lecturers for the prisoners and subscribing to American newspapers and magazines, all with an emphasis on detailing American values.1 This program lasted until the spring of 1946, almost a year after the war in Europe had . , How did Camp Gruber in Oklahoma support the war effort? pub. German aliens, but some Italian and Japanese aliens also were confined there. Seventy-five About forty PWs were confined at the work camp from the McAlester PWCamp. Fort Reno July 1943 to April 1946; 1,523. 1, Spring 1986]. Branch camps and internments in Oklahoma included Waynoka, Tonkawa, Chickasha, Hobart, Tipton, Pauls Valley, Hickory, wanting to take control of the Suez Canal the British Army in Egypt repulsed the Italian attack and soon after, The magazine adds Gunther also had beendenounced as a traitor. Placedat an explosives plant, there was a fear that escaping PWs might commit sabotage. The only word of its existence comes from one interview. It opened priorto August 30, 1944, and last appeared in the PMG reports on September 1, 1945. "Underthe articles of war the court had no choice but to pronounce the death sentence," the magazine adds. Arnold Krammer, Nazi Prisoners of War in America (Chelsea, Md. The War Relocation Authority provided education through high school for all school-age residents. The only PWs whodied in Oklahoma and who are not buried in this state are the four men who died at the camp Gruber PW Camp andare buried in the National Cemetery at Ft. Sam Houston, Texas. Four men escaped. The U.S. Army built six major base camps and two dozen branch camps in Oklahoma. across the state actively recruited federal war facilities to bolster their towns' economies. William P. Corbett, "They Hired Every Farmer in the Country: Establishing the Prisoner of War Camp at Tonkawa," The Chronicles of Oklahoma 69 (Winter 199192). The POW camp program was very important during the war, as well as after the hostile time was over. One was the alien internmentcamp that was closed after the aliens were transferred to a camp in another state; another was the one alreadymentioned; the third was built to hold PW officers, but was never used for that purpose and ended up as a stockadeto hold American soldiers. Two PWs escaped. camp was located one mile north of the El Reno Federal Reformatory and one mile east of Ft. Reno. Workers erected base camps using standard plans prepared by the U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers. The camp was located on Highway 10, eighteen miles east of Muskogee, Oklahoma. Gruber's original buildings and facilities were removed or destroyed. Konawa (a work camp from the McAlester camp) October 1943 to the fall of 1945; 80. 11, No.2, June 1966. Thiscamp was located north of the swimming pool that is east of Jefferson Street and north of Iris Street in NortheastHobart. . The POW camps at Fort Sill, McAlester and Stringtown had been set up. Submitted to Genealogy Trails by Linda Craig, If These Apps Are Still on Your Phone, Someone May Be Spying on You, Tragic online love triangle built on LIES: Two middle-aged lovers who started affair by BOTH posing as teenagers before torrid romance drove Sunday school teacher to murder 'rival' over woman who didn't EXIST, Infancy Narrative Commentaries - STM Online: Crossroads, Cheapest Dental Implants in the World | Destinations for Dental Work, Five Reasons Why Western Civilization Is Good, Indian Passport Renewal Process in USA - Path2USA, A brief history of Western culture Smarthistory, 22 Summer Mother of the Bride Dresses for Sunny Celebrations, Free Piano VST Plugins: 20 of the Best In 2022! The Greenleaf Lodge area is under National Guard authority and is not part of Greenleaf Lake State Park. No reports of any escapes have beenlocated, but two German aliens died at the camp and are buried at Ft. Reno.Sources used: [written by Richard S. Warner - The Chronicles of Oklahoma,Vol. camp was located at the Stringtown Correctional Facility, the same location of the Stringtown Alien Internment Most POWs who died in Oklahoma were buried at the military cemetery at Fort Reno. camp was located at the old CCC Camp north of Wetumka along the south edge of Section 15. N. 9066. 1944, and last appeared on November 16, 1945. Waynoka PW CampThiscamp was located one-half mile north of Waynoka in the Santa Fe Railroad yards at the ice plant. They wanted to catch the German Army in the middle, said Corbett. Became an Italian PoW Camp during World War II. He said that local Oklahoma chambersof commerce began writing their legislative officials, lobbying for the camps to be built in Oklahoma, for ourstate had been one of the hardest hit states during the depression. There were no PWs confined there. , What types of locations were chosen for internment camps? Hickory PW Camp Thiscamp was located four miles east of Hickory at the Horseshoe Ranch. Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. Located Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). confined there was 4,702 on October 3, 1945. Source: Daily Oklahoman Feb. 1, 1945 Page 1 In 1952 the General Services Administration assumed The camp To prepare for that contingency, officialsbegan a crash building program. The five were apprehended, tried by an American court-martial at Camp Gruber, and found quilty of murdering Corp. Johann Kunze at Camp Tonkawa on Nov. 4, 1943. The guards arrested the five men that had the most blood on them, according to Corbett, and the prisoners Most prisoners of war (POWs) existed on a very poor diet of rice and vegetables, which led to severe malnutrition. In 1952 the General Services Administration assumedauthority over 31,294.62 acres from the WAA, and between 1948 and 1952 the U.S. Army regained control of 32,626acres. This According to Soviet records 381,067 German Wehrmacht POWs died in NKVD camps (356,700 German nationals and 24,367 from other nations). A Proud Member of the Genealogy Tonkawa PW CampThiscamp was located north of highway 60 and west of Public Street in the southeast quarter of Section 26 on the northside of Tonkawa. The staff consisted of PWs with medicaltraining. At each camp, companies of U.S. Armymilitary police patrolled perimeters, manned guard towers, escorted work detachments, and periodically searchedbarracks. Five Nazis Sentenced to Death For Killing Companion in State There are still seventy-five PWs or enemy aliens buried in Oklahoma. POW camps eventually were set up in at least 26 counties and at times an estimated 22,000 POWs were held in Oklahoma. During a war, a belligerent state may capture or imprison someone as a prisoner of war (POW). are buried in the National Cemetery at Ft. Sam Houston, Texas. In 1943 the Forty-second Infantry "Rainbow" , Did American soldiers shoot German prisoners? The Ft. Sill Cemetery holds one enemy alien and one German PW who died there. Itopened on December 1, 1943, closed on December 11, 1945, and was a branch of the Camp Gruber PW Camp. Hobart PW Camp Thiscamp was located north of the swimming pool that is east of Jefferson Street and north of Iris Street in NortheastHobart. It first appeared in the PMG reports on November 8, 1944, and last appeared on March 8, 1945. On November 4, 1943, Kunze gave a note to a new American doctor,who did not understand the German writing or its purpose and returned the note to another German POW to give backto Kunze. This includes individual articles (copyright to OHS by author assignment) and corporately (as a complete body of work), including web design, graphics, searching functions, and listing/browsing methods. Eventually, there were 1,204 camps and hospitals for wounded enemy combatants on U.S. soil. This document shows a list of 'General Camp Orders for all Prisoners of War'. Colorado had four principal POW camps Trinidad, Greeley, one at Camp Carson in Colorado Springs and, later, one at Camp Hale, where the 10th Mountain Division trained for ski warfare. In 1943 the Forty-second Infantry "Rainbow" Division was reactivated at Gruber. There were no PWs confined there. Prisoner of War camp: a place where soldiers who have been captured by their enemy during a war are kept as prisoners until the end of the war. They became the first foreign prisoners of war to be executed in the U.S., Krammer said. The United States then were left with 275,000 German POWsfrom this victory.. It had a capacity of 4, 800, and no reports of escapes or deaths have been located. By 1953 virtually the entire 1942 reservation was in federal hands. In 1945 the Eighty-sixth Infantry "Blackhawk" Division was stationed Each compound contained barracks, latrines, and mess halls to accommodate up to one thousand men. The Army Corp of Engineers then began to determine sites for these camps, according to Corbett. LXIV, No. The Brits pushed the German troops out ofEgypt and in May 1943, the African Corp surrendered. By 1950 almost all surviving POWs had been released, with the last prisoner returning from the USSR in 1956. Nazi sympathizers, and there are accounts of twenty-one escapes. Stilwell PW CampThis Each compound held about 1,000 prisoners, divided into companies of about 250-men each. not known, but it was probably a work camp similar to the one at Caddo. Camp Huntsville was the first to be set up in Texas. There were two escapes, probably the reason for the closing of the camp. that the Germans took as prisoners. By the summer of 1942, three camps holding enemy aliens were in use in Oklahoma. In autumn 1945 repatriation of prisoners of war began as federal officials transferred This Oklahoma Community Is Giving Addicted Mothers Another Chance | World of Hurt (HBO), 6. at an explosives plant, there was a fear that escaping PWs might commit sabotage. , What was life like for the POWs in the camps? Authorities announced that the remains of a Durant native who was captured and died as a prisoner of war during World War II have been identified.Get the latest news stories of interest by clicking here.A news release says U.S. Army Air Forces Cpl. Madill Provisional Internment Camp Headquarters. The greatestnumber of these are in the Post Cemetery at Ft. Reno, but three are buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery at McAlesterand two more are buried at Ft. Sill. Inspring 1942 federal authorities leased the state prison at Stringtown. leaders anticipated World War II, they developed plans for control of more than 100,000 enemy aliens living in About 200 PWs were confined The camp leader and the guards are the superiors of all the . The majority of German POWs, on the other hand, were assigned to 38 branch camps, mainly in rural areas near places such as Columbus, Fond du Lac, Beaver Dam, Sturgeon Bay and Rice Lake. The only camps that were actually used to holdenemy aliens, however, were the ones at McAlester and Stringtown. They included both guard and prisoner barracks, only to be recaptured at Talihini. During the course of World War II Camp Gruber provided training to infantry, field artillery, and tank destroyer units that went on to fight in Europe. The devout Nazis among them were screened on arrival and sent to a higher security camp in Oklahoma. there. Korps in Tunisia, North Africa. It first appeared in the PMG reports on July 19, 1943, and last appeared on January 1, 1944. For more information about this and other programs and exhibits, contact the museum at 256-6136, or visit them non-commissioned officers accused: Walther Beyer, Berthold Seidel, Hans Demme, Willi Schols and Hans Schomer. About forty PWs were confined at the work camp from the McAlester PWCamp. In November 1942, at the Tonkawa camp, a prisoner was killed by the other It was a branch camp of the Camp Gruber PW camp, and three PWs escaped Two of the Forced to carry out slave labour on a starvation diet and in a hostile environment, many died of malnutrition or disease. at some of the branch camps still stand, but it is difficult to imagine them as being used as a PW camp. Five Nazis Sentenced to Death For Killing Companion in StateSource: Daily Oklahoman Feb. 1, 1945 Page 1New York. With . This rating was high, particularly when compared to the national average of 28:1. included that they wanted the camps to be in the south and away from any ports. "Under camps were at Ft. Sill, McAlester, and Stringtown, but they were not used for that purpose for long and with their Thirteen PWs were confined there, and one man escaped. Oklahoma History Center Education Resources. Tipton PW CampThis Between twenty and forty PWs were confined there, workingas ranch hands. Units of the Eighty-eighth Stringtown PW CampThis This The site covers more than 33,000 acres. of Okmulgee. The basic criteriaincluded that they wanted the camps to be in the south and away from any ports. specific guidelines were set concerning the humane conditions that were to be required for prisoners of war - they It opened on October 20, 1944, and last appeared in thePMG reports on November 1, 1945. In 1967 the Oklahoma Military Department, and Okmulgee (Glennan General Hospital) as well. Eight PWs escaped, and two died at the camp, one being Johannes Kunze who number of these are in the Post Cemetery at Ft. Reno, but three are buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery at McAlester Caddo to Tonkawa, and each would have its own unique history. After the captives arrived, at least twenty-four branch camps, outposts to house temporarywork parties from base camps, opened. During World War II federal officials located enemy prisoner of war (POW) camps inOklahoma. They then understood 11, No. Eight base camps used for the duration of the war emerged at various locations. The dates of its existence are After World War II, German prisoners were taken back to Europe as part of a reparations agreement. There may have been PWs inthe area prior to then, but they would have been trucked in daily from another camp in the area. camp that was closed after the aliens were transferred to a camp in another state; another was the one already escapes took place, but authorities recaptured all fugitives. In November 1943, a disturbance among the prisoners resulted in the death of a German soldier. Because many PWs with serious injuries or sicknesses were assigned there, twenty-eightdeaths were reported - twenty-two PWs died from natural cause and six died as the result of battle wounds. Many leaders in the state lobbied for defense funding to help create or enhance military bases and posts. Prison Types: 1) Existing jail/prison; 2) Coastal fortification; 3) Old buildings converted into prisons; 4) Barracks enclosed by high fences; 5) Cluster of tents enclosed by high fences; 6) Barren stockades; 7) Barren ground. This camp was located one mile north of Braggs on the west side of highway 10 and across the road from Camp Gruber.The first PWs were reported on May 29, 1943. During the train rides, Waynoka PW CampThis The Geneva Convention of 1929, the international agreement prescribing treatment of prisoners of war, permitted use of POWs as laborers. Article from the "Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture"from the OK Historical Society website. 11, No.2, June 1966.Read in June 1964 by Mrs. John A, Ashworth, Jr.Mrs. Corbett said that the base camp in Alva was specifically unique because it was used as the maximum security camp- housing around 5,000 Nazi Party members. 1, Spring 1986]. The other POWs were able to go outside of All POWs returned to Europe except those confined to military prisons or hospitals.By mid-May 1946 the last prisoners left Oklahoma. This It was a branch camp of the Camp Gruber PW camp, and three PWs escapedonly to be recaptured at Talihini. The camps were essentially a little During World War II, over 6,000 prisoners were housed in Prisoner of War (POW) camps in Michigan. Jan 31-(AP)-Newsweek magazine says in its Feb. 5 issue that five German prisoners of war have been sentenced Originally a work camp from the McAlester PW Camp, Borden General Hospital, Chickasha, (a branch of the Fort Reno camp) April 1945 to May 1945; 100. These include information on officers, regimental histories, letters, diary entries, personal accounts and information about actions during the Second World War. From 250 to 400 PWs were confined there. It was airport and fairgrounds. It held primarilyItalian enemy aliens, but the Provost Marshal General (PMG) reports show that at least one German alien was confinedthere. About 20,000 German POWs were held in Oklahoma at the peak of the war. The first PWs arrived on October During World War II federal officials located enemy prisoner of war (POW) camps in It held primarily World War, 1939-1945. Not all the seventy men buried at Ft. Reno were PWs who died in Oklahoma. Several prisoners escaped from their Oklahoma captivity. These escapees were rare and never ended in violence. to the American doctor when he attended sick call. It first appeared in the PMG reports on June1, 1944, and last appeared on June 16, 1944, although it may have actually opened as early as May 1, 1944. Will Rogers PW CampThis There were three internment camps in Oklahoma a temporary camp at Fort Sill and permanent camps at McAlester and Stringtown. This It first appeared of war. camp, located in the school gymnasium at Caddo, was a work camp sent out from the Stringtown PW Camp.

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